The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1191 Words

The Crucible Author s Purpose In the town of Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, a mass of hysteria broke out. It all started in the spring of 1692, when a group of adolescent girls claimed the works of black magic within the village. This ultimately led to a â€Å"series of investigations and prosecutions that caused 19 convicted ‘witches’ to be hanged and many other suspects to be imprisoned† (Salem witch trials 1). Sparked by interest over such a series of tragic event, Arthur Miller produced an original play The Crucible to depict the haunting madness. However, Arthur Miller s sole purpose for writing and producing The Crucible would be to not only give his audiences exposure, but to also give them a little â€Å"taste† of all the delusional hysteria that took place in that small village. Through his play, he conveys the messages about a theocratic society within Salem and how the lack of separation between state and religion, ultimately led to recurring themes that are also refl ected in modern society such as hypocrisy, intolerance and fear. Arthur Miller begins Act One of The Crucible with an overture in which was written to bring his audience to an understanding of the historical background. In this overture, he mentions about a theocracy society. In which he states, â€Å"For good purposes, even high purposes, the people of Salem developed a theocracy, a combine of state and religious power whose function was to keep the community together, and to prevent any kind of disunityShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at govern ment employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1333 Words   |  6 PagesAs the various characters in The Crucible by Arthur Miller interact, the dominant theme of the consequences of women’s nonconformity begins to slide out from behind the curtains of the play. Such a theme reveals the gripping fear that inundated the Puritans during the seventeenth c entury. This fear led to the famous witch-hunts that primarily terrorized women who deviated from the Puritan vision of absolute obedience and orthodoxy. Arthur Miller presents his interpretation of the suffering by subtlyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with three types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be theRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experie nces

Personal Branding - 1056 Words

Personal Branding Plan Paper MKT/421 7/20/15 Personal Brand Plan I am an IT Professional with over 8 years of experience working with hardware, software and network engineering. Throughout my career I have held various positions including several leadership roles. The IT industry is a very technical field where individual contributors are critical to the success of the organization. With the extensive leadership training and experience I have gained, has allowed me to stand apart from my peers and take a more active role in the organization and its strategy. I continuously strive for my own personal development, including going back to school as an adult to achieve my bachelor’s degree. I understand the importance of†¦show more content†¦I would focus on making my resume concise and highlight accomplishments in my current and previous roles that relate to the skills listed on the job posting. Ensuring that my resume would sell what I have to offer to the company. I would then look to apply via the appropriate channel. If I could a pply in person I would but with most companies these three now require candidates to apply via their online method. Often these companies follow similar hiring practices and all three utilize the social media platform LinkedIn to search for potential candidates. I would look to ensure that my social media accounts are up to date and highlight the skills I have acquired. I would also look to use this platform to identify the recruiter or hiring manager for this position. The hardest part about finding a new position is getting the initial interview and being aggressive in making personal contact with the hiring team is one way to gain an advantage in this area. Once my resume is completed and I have been able to set up an interview I would look to research the company to ensure that I am well educated about general facts and information on the company. This is very important for preparing the interview process and what may be asked. Often these companies focus on behavioral intervie ws where they are looking for a candidate to take their prior experience and provide an example of whatShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Personal Branding Essay1454 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal branding is a concept that is geared for all people.   It is not just for famous people. Suze Orman started off like a normal person, but now she carries a strong name brand.   A simple person who wants to be successful and start branding their name.   Years later, they   may become a normal brand name in someone household.   Ã‚  The high increase in online searches and social media platform, personal branding, is relevant. According to Cohen (2014), personal branding is a necessity and marketersRead MoreHow Effective Is A Personal Branding? Essay1032 Words   |  5 PagesColumbia How effective is a personal branding? Contents Introduction 3 We can say 3 What is understood as personal brand? 4 The Greatest Example 7 Conclusion 8 Introduction Achieving a successful personal brand is today the main way to achieve professional achievement. The visual image provides the opportunity for the human being to feel, appreciate, value the brand for the first time. Why you and not any other? By working, enhancing our personal brand we can get it to reflectRead MoreWhat Is Personal Branding And How Effective It Can Be For Actors?1120 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Define what your brand stands for, its core values and tone of voice, and then communicate consistently in those terms† (Mainwaring, n.d.). Personal branding is the message you intend to send to others that is a reflection of you, your values, and what you stand for. Branding yourself is vital in the business world today considering it can help you with, better opportunity discovery, better networking career advancement, and better success. It can also develop and define you as a leader. From â€Å"actorsRead MoreHow Personal Branding And Maintenance Of One Is Crucial For The Development And Success Of Future Careers1615 Words   |  7 PagesThis study focuses on the various aspects of personal branding and how the development and maintenance of one is crucial for the development and success of future careers. With today’s tough and competitive job market, jobseekers are struggling to stand out from their peers and are used to being passed over and forgotten about by potential employers. Developing a personal brand ensures that individuals are not left behind and that they develop the competitive advantage that positions them for theRead MorePersonal Branding1079 Words   |  5 PagesMadhavi Verma 12DM-081 Personal Branding Why people agreed to pay Rs.5 for attending Narendra Modi’s Rally? Why do we have people who build temples in name of Rajnikant and Amitabh Bachhan and not for any other equally successful movie star? Is it only because of the talents possessed by these individuals or something beyond that? Do these personalities â€Å"brand† themselves and consciously do or refrain from doing things that affect their brand image? We all already have a personal brand, every personRead MorePersonal Branding1567 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Branding is already conflicting with Company Branding outside the work place. A middle school teacher was suspended with pay for making remarks about her students on Face Book (Norwalk, 2010). A woman was fired after criticizing her boss on face book (â€Å"Fired over Facebook,† 2011). A young man was rejected for a position at Cisco because he tweeted that he had to weigh the fat paycheck against the drive and work (Popkin, 2009). These e xamples go on and on. Entire sites have been dedicatedRead MorePersonal Branding1628 Words   |  7 Pagesa wonderful web community. The Internet has revolutionized career development for personal empowerment, self-management and networking. It allows us to discover, create, communicate and maintain out personal brand for our future. The Web gives us the opportunity to promote â€Å"our brand† for ourselves by joining a social network and using our page as a billboard to advertise our talents and goals. Developing a personal brand makes us a more valuable asset, whether to the company we work for, a potentialRead MorePersonal Branding Essay823 Words   |  4 PagesThe Future of Personal Branding Last November, I wrote a blog on the rise of the personal brand as the next great disconnect in online marketing. I named four reasons why personal brands would become more important in the near future. But I see a fifth reason why how a person brands themselves will be an important part of the future. Recently, Mark Zuckerburg and Elon Musk made their opposing opinions about the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) known all over social media. It is the rise ofRead MoreMy Personal And Professional Branding968 Words   |  4 PagesElements My personal and professional branding are the same: being passionate about not limiting myself by my thoughts or actions, I am here to push the boundaries with those around me. This may sound simple, but there is a lot that goes into it. Building a network of strong, confident people is the key to being successful. My goal is to keep building these professional relationships as well as in my personal life with the help of social media and goal setting. For my professional branding, I am seekingRead MorePersonal Branding Of Lisa Mazurek2128 Words   |  9 PagesPersonal Branding of Lisa Mazurek Introduction The following will bring a glimpse into my personal branding journey. It is more information than the average student, but what is age today in respects to a college student? This will include an indirect and direct view in how the brands were introduced, in my lifetime and how it carried into a new generation. Our textbook provided a viewpoint in regards to when one has reached â€Å"Resonance† by stating; â€Å"When you achieve Resonance your external message

Asbestos and the Environmental Effects - 986 Words

Hazardous materials can be silent killers, almost every household or workplace contains various harmful substances therefore it is important to have the basic knowledge of these contaminants, where to find them, and what to do if exposed. Asbestos is a natural occurring mineral that is used in a number of different materials. Asbestos is not a concern if left undisturbed; however renovation, reconstruction or demolition can disturb these materials and release asbestos fibers into the air. Asbestos fibers can be inhaled and become trapped in lung tissue which increases the risk for several serious diseases. Asbestos is a well recognized health hazard and is highly regulated. A natural mineral asbestos has been mined and†¦show more content†¦After 1973 there was a huge reduction in asbestos use although the devastation before that time will be with us for years. Once the dangers of asbestos became more understood, many responsible government agencies sought to limit or ba n the use of asbestos and regulate asbestos exposure. The United States Environmental Protection Agency is responsible for monitoring asbestos levels in workplaces and communities, and has banned the use of asbestos in new products since 1989. Asbestos removal is an expensive and hazardous process. Situations where removal may be required including remodeling, major structural changes, if the asbestos material is damaged and can not be repaired. Repair usually involves sealing or covering the asbestos material and only effective for undamaged asbestos containing materials. Repair is just a temporary measure and all asbestos will eventually have to be removed. Removal is complex, and should (in many cases, legally must) be done only by a contractor with special training and licenses. Improper removal may increase the health risks to those exposed. In addition, the asbestos removed must be managed according to the state and federal asbestos regulations and a notification to the Environmental ProtectionShow MoreRelatedSilent Spring By Rachel Carson Essay1720 Words   |  7 Pagesthought could not be harmful was asbestos. Asbestos Network defines asbestos as, â€Å"A disease cause by exposure to asbestos fibers.† Asbestos fibers are artificially created by humans often use during various man-made construction projects to make stable interiors to create buildings. Asbestos fibers were high in production due to humans finding many purposes for the chemical (Asbestos Network). The authors of Asbestos.com gives some examples of items that contains asbestos such as â€Å"Insulation for electricRead MoreAsbestos Poisoning1056 Words   |  5 PagesASBESTOS POISONING I. ABSTRACT Asbestos poisoning also called as  asbestosis  is an interstitial pulmonary fibrosis that is caused by asbestos exposure. When asbestos containing materials break down or disturbed, its microscopic fibers become airborne that can easily be inhaled or swallowed and can cause serious health concerns in the long run. II. THESIS STATEMENT Asbestos poisoning is the impact that asbestos exposure can have on humans. Its toxicity stems from the fact that the microscopicRead MoreEnvironmental Management Plan833 Words   |  3 PagesPlan The aim of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is to protect the environment and comply with environment legislation. EMP is also developed to ensure that all required measures are identified and are implemented before and during the construction phase. The contractors responsibility is to protect the environment from its activities and requires the same commitment from the suppliers for the development and implementation of the EMP. To prepare a site specific Environmental Management PlanRead MoreTechniques Used For Salvage A Performance Or Interaction That Is Going Sour1116 Words   |  5 PagesE.) Face-saving behavior/pg.113: techniques used to salvage a performance or interaction that is going sour. In the film about what happened in the asbestos disaster in Libby, Montana gives us a major display of face saving behavior that is almost sickening to watch. We see this behavior come out in the tapes from the court case in which the owner of W. R. Grace was being questioned on the events that had transpired in the years in which the plant in Libby was active. The prosecutors begin to questionRead MoreAsbestos And Its Effects On Society1515 Words   |  7 Pages Asbestos is a small set of minerals that occur naturally in the environment. These minerals are silicate compounds, which means they contain silicon and oxygen; they form as groups of fibers that can easily be separated. These fibers are very durable, as they show a strong resistance to many common chemicals, heat and electricity. This made asbestos appear be a useful chemical for products used in a wide range of industries, so much that the United States military mandated its use in its branchesRead MoreAsbestos And Its Effects On Asbestos1230 Words   |  5 PagesAsbestos in Mining Asbestos is defined as a fiber that includes six different types of minerals; chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite, and actinolite. â€Å"Chrysotile is the main form of asbestos used in about 95 percent of the world† (Ramazzini). All forms of asbestos are known carcinogens which pose severe consequences if exposed. Exposure to asbestos consequently causes mesothelioma, lung, and even ovarian cancer. It is typically acknowledged for its heat resistance and insulatingRead MoreThe Effects Of Pollutants On The Environment866 Words   |  4 Pagesand could take several pathways. Pollutants can have acute or chronic effects, which depend on the concentration and type of pollutant and also the duration in which an organism has been exposed to the pollutant. The pollutants effects, such as asbestos, could take a long time to arise, for example, a person exposed to asbestos could develop a chronic lung condition as the asbestos could accumulate in their lungs and the effects of this could occur for a long time (Doll and Peto, 1985). In comparisonRead MoreSafe Disposal Of Insulation Material1555 Words   |  7 Pagesto humans and environmental hazards to the environment which will be discussed in a bit more detail further on, and also a brief look at how and why insulating materials were used in different purposes within electrical networks and different types of insulating materials used across Australia. Insulating materials come in all forms shapes and sizes, be it solid material, gas or oil each material has a certain use. Some of the solid or fibrous insulating materials include; Asbestos, Wood, PVC (poly-vinylRead MoreLung Cancer Outline649 Words   |  3 PagesCancer |General Purpose: |To inform | |Specific Purpose: |To inform readers on the causes, effects and treatments of lung cancer. | | | | INTRODUCTION SLIDES I. What is lung cancerRead MoreMorbidity: Lung Cancer1672 Words   |  7 Pagesmanner is Cancer. So far so, there has been no cure for Cancer but some medicines and treatments are now available which can slow down and in some cases can even alter the effects of Cancer, depending on the stage at which the disease is at that moment. For this paper however we would concentrate on Lung Cancer and its effects. Lung Cancer, like any other type of cancer, is the uncontrollable growth of cells in the lung tissue. The main causes that contribute to lung cancer include inhaling carcinogens

Decision-Making Essay - 1378 Words

The decision-making process occurs at all levels of management. However, the top executive managers, middle level managers, and front line managers are responsible for guiding the decision making process within their healthcare organizations (Liebler McConnell, 2008,p.148). CEO’s are responsible for guiding the actions and behaviors of their employees to collectively achieve the organization’s goals. The mission and vision statement are the foundation of what direction the healthcare agency is heading. The CEO and top level executives are responsible for developing code of ethics and code of conduct to align with accreditation, licensing, and federal and state laws. Decision-making is a commitment of time, human resources and†¦show more content†¦Top-level executives and key managers are at the helm of the decision-making process with the focal point being selecting the best choice. Selecting the best choices or alternative of choices derive from assess ments, interviews, surveys and audits that evaluates the strategic position of the selected choices. Consequently, the chief executive officer at some point should show how the middle-managers, front-line managers, employees and client fit into the decision-making process. Decision-making concerning staffing and work performance are part of the healthcare mid-level and front-line managers’ job functions. The following scenario will reveal a healthcare manager deciding to use the option of procrastination which is exercising the no-decision option. Liebler and McConnell (2008) argues, â€Å"Whether by conscious act or unconscious act (genuinely forgetting), the effect of the no-decision option is to decide not to decide†¦and often it is the decision of the most potentially serious and far-reaching consequences†(167). The healthcare manager must avoid the no-decision option in this scenario because there is a lack of considering the alternatives in the decision-making process. Also, the healthcare manager allows a platform for negligence and liability in selecting the no- decision option. In the scenario, â€Å"TheShow MoreRelatedDecision Making820 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion 1: Which biases in decision making can be identified in the performances of both Pieterson and Gack? How can the identified biases be overcome? In general, the decision making style for manager approach decision making is toward rational and intuitive thinking. In rational thinking a person consider the problem in a rational, step-by-step and analytical way. Rational thinking person will resolve a complex and complicated problem into smaller part and then resolve them in a rational,Read MoreDecision Making1296 Words   |  6 PagesQues:  What are the reason why two perfect individual are never two perfect couples. with the 7 decision making process solve the problem.    The 7 decision making processes are:    1. Define the problem 2. Identify limiting factors 3. Develop potential alternatives 4. Analyze the alternatives 5. Select the best alternatives 6. Implement the decision 7. Establish a control and evaluation system Introduction A perfect marriage may be an illusion although the people involve may be perfectRead MoreDecision Making : An Evaluation810 Words   |  4 PagesDecision-Making Generating potential solutions, evaluating the solutions, deciding, checking the decisions and communicating and implementing the decisions were the six areas covered during the quiz (cite). Decisions made at the strategic, routine, project/non-routine, or operational levels have different impacts (cite) and consequences if not managed properly. This paper will address each of the six areas evaluated, discuss the four levels that decisions are made and show my improvement plan toRead MoreThe Development Of Decision Making1238 Words   |  5 PagesThe Development of Decision-Making in Nursing Nursing is a profession that has traditionally attracted individuals who have a desire to help others and have an interest in the health sciences (Ruesink, 2012). In the complex world of health care, good intentions only go so far in terms of client safety, quality of care, and achieving the best possible outcomes, and that is why critical thinking, decision making, and evidence based practice are crucial to the nursing profession when acting on theRead MoreResearch in Decision Making1653 Words   |  7 PagesTOPIC 1 DISCUSSION Why research is considered essential in the decision making function of management. Research may be defined as a systematic inquiry whose objective is to provide the information that will allow managerial problems to be solved. It is also seen as an activity that is often carried out by most people, knowingly or unknowingly in the course of their daily lives. It is a systematic inquiry whose objective is to provide the information that will allow managerial problems to be solvedRead Moreethical decision making1211 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Ethical- Decision Making University of the Rockies Mabel Drafton Abstract Countertransference is how therapists distort the way they perceive and react to a client (Corey, Corey, and Callanan, 2011). Therapists are expected to identify and deal with their own reactions with consultation, personal therapy, and supervision that their clients will not be negatively affected by the therapist’s problem. Personal therapy is an effective way for therapistsRead MoreIndividual Decision Making vs Group Decision Making2832 Words   |  12 Pages‘Given the potential problems associated with group decision making, organisations should rely on individual decision making whenever possible’. How far do you agree/disagree with this statement? From the days when working conditions were under the strict rules of Taylorism, workers these days are required to be equipped with various soft skills and not to forget, the important value of teamwork. Organisations present-day depend heavily on teamwork. Questions such as â€Å"what strengths can you bringRead MoreSynergistic Decision Making1082 Words   |  5 Pages Synergistic Decision Making Tariq Shah OM-176 Group and Organizational Dynamics PSY 452 Module Two Organizational Management Professor Fabian April 15, 2015 Synergistic Decision Making Working with people is not easy at times. Many people rather work independently of others. I believe most of the reason for the individual deciding to work independent of others, is because they do not want to rely on others for their success or failure. If they can do it alone, they feel more in control ofRead MoreEthical Decision Making : Ethical Decisions1496 Words   |  6 PagesFacing Ethical Decisions How does a person determine what is right or wrong when making a decision? Most people faced with an ethical decision usually revert to their personal values that hopefully guide them through the decision-making process. Assessing values and morals are an important role when making ethical decisions and how others view a person after making that decision. â€Å"Once we grasp the underlying concepts of making important decisions, we need to know how to apply them.† (Fisher, 2005)Read MoreEthical Decision Making : Ethical Decisions1047 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Decision-Making The first step in the CPA (2000) ethical decision-making model is identification of the individuals and groups potentially affected by the decision. In the ethical scenario I presented earlier, the individuals directly involved and likely to be most affected by the decision include the 54-year old woman and myself as the counsellor. Those who will likely be indirectly affected by the decision would be the woman’s family, including her 20-year old daughter, and the agency

Decision Making is an Essential Process in any Organization Sample

Questions: 1.Do you think the term used by Barnard "Common Moral purpose" (pg. 103) is a good way to Describe what happens in work Organizations? Why or Why not? 2.Rational-Bureaucratic Organizations are Supposed to Develop the best means to achieve their goals. Based on your reading of Chapter 5 what would you say are some of the Obstacles to making the "best" Decisions about ways to reach a Goal or Solve a Problem? Answers: 1.Barnard had described the work organizations and the ways of working in those organizations as the common moral purpose. The description is appropriately used by the author, since organizations might be sited as cooperative systems that are integrated contribution of each of the individuals (Barnard and Thompson 2003). Organizations are also described as co-operations among the people with a common purpose. This is justified since in a work organization, each of the members are aligned together to achieve a common goal. The goal set is common and deliberate, in order to achieve a particular target. All the employees are aligned with the purpose of achieving the goal (Barnard and Thompson 2003). The efforts of the employees are also directed in a particular direction. Though the immediate goals might vary from one person to the other, however, the ultimate goals remain the same. The common moral purpose is the achievement of the goal by the employees, thus it has been rightly stated by the author. Moreover, the success of an organization depends largely on the formation of the work groups and aligning them for the achievement of the common goal (Denhardt and Catlaw 2014). An organization becomes a successful one when all the members are able to communicate with each other clearly, along with the willingness to cooperate and work together. Moreover, aligning together in order to achieve the common purpose is also a key element for a business organization to be a successful one. The elements of successful organization thus become communication, willingness to serve and achieve the goals, along with a common purpose. The common purpose varies from one organization to the other. However, the other elements remain the same. Thus, it might be concluded that it has been rightly mentioned by the author that work organizations are a common moral purpose, and is justified. 2.Decision making is an essential process in any organization. Appropriate decision making needs to be done such that the growth of the business organization is inevitable (Denhardt and Catlaw 2014). However, there are certain obstacles that hinder the process of best decision making. The process of decision making could face obstacle by inefficient division of work. The task division process is an essential one in order to achieve the goals in the stipulated time (Scott 2015). However, inefficient task division, or burdening one employee with a lot of work might hinder the decision making process. The authority hierarchy needs to be maintained properly. The process of decision making is mainly done by the authorities figure. Hence, lack of maintenance of authority hierarchy might lead to lack of efficient and best decision making (Shafritz et al. 2015). Moreover, formal rules and regulations need to be maintained by the organization. Thus, efficient decision making process is depend ent on the above mentioned factors. These are some of the essential factors that restrict the process of best decision making, in rational bureaucratic organizations. Some of the organizations face more decision making difficulties than the other rational bureaucratic organizations. This is due to the fact that the organizations facing more difficulties tend to maintain inefficient authority hierarchy (Shafritz et al. 2015). Moreover, the rules and regulations laid by the management are also not followed strictly. Hence, they face increased levels of difficulty in the process of decision making (Denhardt and Catlaw 2014). Thus, although rational bureaucratic organizations are supposed to take the best decisions, yet there are certain factors that hinder the process of best decision making. Mitigation of these factors would ensure best decision making. Once the decision making process is fulfilled successfully, the organization progress is inevitable. References Barnard, C.I. and Thompson, K., 2003.Organization and management: Selected papers(Vol. 7). Psychology Press. Denhardt, R.B. and Catlaw, T.J., 2014.Theories of public organization. Cengage learning. Scott, W.G., 2015. Chester I. Barnard and the Guardians of the Managerial State: The Moral Obligations of the Elite.Classics of Organization Theory, p.9 Shafritz, J.M., Ott, J.S. and Jang, Y.S., 2015.Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning.

Managerial Accounting Report of Commonwealth bank †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Managerial Accounting of Commonwealth Bank. Answer: Introduction In the financial annual reports of the business organizations, one of the major aspects is the Remuneration Report of the Executive Directors. It is the responsibility of the executive directors of the business organizations to run the business in the proper way so that the business can earn significant revenues and profits. Regarding the executive directors remuneration report, a major allegation is that the executive directors are being paid with higher amount of remuneration and this is a major concern to the shareholders of the organizations (Ben Shlomo, Eggert and Nguyen, 2013). For this reason, it is necessary to analyze and evaluate the remuneration report of the executive directors of the companies. With the help of executive directors remuneration report, business organizations discloses all the strategies, methods and motives used in the remuneration structure of the directors (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso, 2015). Thus, it can be understood that there is a great significance of this report. This report starts with a brief introduction. After that, the literatures related to this topic are discussed. In the next steps, the remuneration structure and methods are discussed and compared. After that, based on the whole analysis, some recommendations are provided that is followed by suitable conclusion. The main aim of this report is to conduct an in-depth analysis on the executive remuneration report of two of the Australian banks. With the help of this report, one has the scope to know the various methods and strategies used to measure the performance of the executive directors of the business organizations. Review of Topic and Literature The regular and purposeful evaluation of the performance of the executive directors is an important objective of the business organizations. The process of effective evaluation of the executive directors performance is highly related to the corporate governance in the business organizations. Most of the companies measure the performance of the executive directors on the annual basis and this is a difficult process (Warren, Reeve and Duchac, 2013). This is called the Evaluation Cycle. The evaluation cycle is totally depends on the members of the board. The increasing expectations of the shareholders and the stakeholders force the companies to conduct a detailed scrutiny of the performance of the executive directors. In addition, it is the responsibility of the executive directors to assess their self-performance to achieve the ultimate objective of the organizations. The performance evaluation methodology of the organizations depends on the various requirements of that organization (2 012books.lardbucket.org, 2017). However, it can be seen that there is not any universal format for the evaluation of the performance of the executive directors. There are different outcomes of the performance evaluation of the executive directors. It leads to minor amendments in the functions of the board and it also leads to the replacement of the whole body of board of directors. These outcomes need to be transformed into the actionable plans (S?omka-Gobiowska and Urbanek, 2014). Two kinds of performance evaluation processes are there; they are internal evaluation and external evaluation. Most of the companies use to conduct the process of internal evaluation; but in some certain cases, companies opt for the adoption of external evaluation by some external independent parties. Most of the companies form a performance evaluation committee to measure the performance of the executive directors. Based on the performance evaluation, the amount of remuneration of the executive directors are provided (deloitte.com, 2017 ). Company Review: Commonwealth Bank Commonwealth bank is one of the topmost banks of Australia. As per the directors report of Commonwealth bank, the major objective of the remuneration framework of this bank is to create sustainable value for the people, customers, community and shareholders of the company. As per the remuneration framework of Commonwealth bank, there are three major elements of the executive remuneration structure of the bank; they are Fixed remuneration, Short-Term Incentive (STI) at risk and Long-Term Incentive (LTI) at risk. The risk factor in the remuneration framework implies that the remuneration depends on the performance of the executive directors in the financial years against key performance metrics (Melis, Gaia and Carta, 2015). Fixed remuneration refers to base remuneration and superannuation that is cash salary. STI is equal to 100% of fixed remuneration but it is based on the performance of the executive directors. The rules of LTI is same as STI. It can be seen that the performance of the executive directors are measured based on the Balanced Scorecard method. Ian Narev, the Managing Director and CEO of Commonwealth Bank received $4,081,000 as overall remuneration in 2016 (commbank.com.au, 2017). Remuneration Framework and Approach As per the 2016 annual report of Commonwealth Bank, there are two major components of the remuneration structure of the CEO and executive directors of the company; they are fixed remuneration and risk remuneration. Three major components of the executive remuneration structure of Commonwealth Bank are there; they are Fixed remuneration, Short-Term Incentive (STI) at risk and Long-Term Incentive (LTI) at risk. The equal portions of these three elements form the remuneration structure of the company. The main objective of the remuneration structure of Commonwealth Bank is to attract highly qualified and highly experienced executives (commbank.com.au 2017). Changes of Remuneration In the year of 2016, the remuneration committee of Commonwealth Bank reviewed the remuneration structure of the executive directors of the bank. The major focus of this review was to ensure that all the objectives of the remuneration structure have been achieved. At the time of the review, certain changes have been brought in the remuneration structure of the executive directors that will be applicable for the year 2017 (commbank.com.au 2017). The changes are discussed below: The method of balance scorecard for the determination of the short-term incentives of the executive directors will include an exemplary leadership assessment and exceptional personal demonstration of the vision and mission of the group (commbank.com.au 2017). There will be a new focus of 2016 GLRP on the people and community weighted at 25%. The main aim of this change is to measure the long-term progress and achievements in the areas of diversity, culture, customers satisfaction, performance components and others (commbank.com.au 2017). Remuneration Structure There are three main components of the remuneration structure of Commonwealth Bank are Fixed remuneration, Short-Term Incentive (STI) at risk and Long-Term Incentive (LTI) at risk. They are discussed below: Fixed Remuneration: Two major parts of fixed remuneration are base remuneration and superannuation. Base remuneration refers to cash salary and any salary specific items. The board of directors of the company uses to review the fixed remuneration structure on the yearly basis. The remuneration committee has the responsibility to determine the fixed remuneration of the executive directors (commbank.com.au 2017). Short-Term Incentive: The short-term incentive target for the executive directors of Commonwealth Bank is equal to 100% of their fixed remuneration. The short-term incentive of the executives is determined based on their measured performance against the process of balanced scorecard. The range of short-term incentive for the executives ranges from zero to 150% based on the performance of them. Out of the 100% short-term incentive, the executives get 50% of them in cash. The other 50% is deferred in the next year (commbank.com.au 2017). Long-Term Incentive: The long-term incentive target for the executive directors is 100%. The long-term incentive also depends on the performance of the executive directors at the end of the year. The vending period of long-term incentive is four years and the performance of the directors for the long-term incentive is measured against total shareholders return and the satisfaction of the customers. The main objectives behind the long-term incentive are to provide greater focus on the customers and to create long-term value of the shareholders. At the time of investing the long-term incentive, Commonwealth Bank does not provide any dividends to the executive directors (commbank.com.au 2017). Summary of Performance The performance of the executives is measured based on short-term and long-term basis. Both the aspects are discussed below: Short-term Performance: There is a 3% increase in the NPAT of the bank amounting to $9,450 million. It can be seen that the financial performance of the company was on target in the year of 2016. The performance in the aspect of customers satisfaction is above target in the year of 2016. In the market of retail banking, Commonwealth bank stood first as per the maximum number of Main Financial Institutions. The execution of the strategy was on target. Commonwealth bank has been a leader in the aspects of technological development in the banking operations. The performance in terms of people and productivity was on target (commbank.com.au 2017). Long-term Performance: In the year of 2016, The NPAT of the company is $9450 million as compared to $9137 million in the year 2015. In the year of 2016, there is a decrease in the cash earnings per share to 555.1 cents from 557.5 cents in the year 2015. Share prices also decreased in 2016 to $3.50 from $4.00 in the year 2015. Dividend per share remains the same in 2016 as compared to 2015 that is $4.20. Hence, it can be seen that the long term performance in the year 2016 is not as good as it needs to be (commbank.com.au 2017). The above discussion sheds lights on the executive directors remunerations structure of Commonwealth bank. For the purpose of comparison, ANX bank and Westpac bank are taken into consideration. In case of Commonwealth bank, the company has provided a solid performance as the net profit after tax increased by 3% amounted to $9,450 million. The company enhanced the Common Equity Tier1 capital ratio to 10.6%. In the sector of retail banking, the company achieved customer satisfaction above target. It indicates the effectiveness of executive directors remuneration structure of the company. In case of ANZ bank, the scenario is different. Total revenue of the bank in 2016 was 0.2% lower than the year 2015. In addition, the portion of economic profit was down by 56% amounting to $1,278 million. Return on equity was also down to 10.35 from 14% in 2016. Cash earnings per share were decreased to 202.6 cents in 2016 as compared to 260.3 cents in 2015. In case of Westpac bank, the situation is same as ANZ bank. The economic profit was down by 10% in 2016 as compared to 2015. Return on equity was also decreased in the year of 2016 as compared to 2015. Earnings per share in the year 2016 decreased to 235.5 as compared to 248.2 in the year 2015. However, the dividend per share increased in the year 2016 to 188 cents from 187 cents in 2015. The prices of the Westpac shares decreased in the year 2016 as compared to 2015 (Braun, Tietz, and Harrison, 2013). Hence, from the above analysis, it can be seen that the executive directors remuneration structure has paid dividends in case of Commonwealth Bank as the bank performed significantly wee in the year of 2016. However, in case of ANZ and Westpac banks, it can be seen that the performance of these two banks in the year 2016 was poor as compared to 2015. Hence, it can be understood that the executive directors remuneration structure for these two banks are not so effective as Commonwealth bank. Recommendations Based on the above analysis, some recommendations are provide below: It is recommended to these banks to take into considerations all the necessary financial aspects at the time of preparing the remuneration structure for the executive directors. It is recommended that all these banks need to disclose all the details about the remuneration structure of the executive directors to the stakeholders of the company. This process helps to build a relationship of trust between the company and the stakeholders. It is recommended that the companies need to follow all the rules, regulations and guidelines at the time of developing the executive directors remuneration structure. The inclusion of these aspects will increase the accuracy of the remuneration report. Conclusion The main objective of this report is to analyze and evaluate the various aspects of the executive directors remuneration structure for Commonwealth bank, ANZ bank and Westpac bank. As per the above discussion, it can be seen both Commonwealth bank and Westpac bank have same remuneration components that are fixed remuneration, Short-Term Incentive (STI) at risk and Long-Term Incentive (LTI) at risk. However, ANZ bank has different structure that are Fixed Remuneration, Variable Remuneration and Other Remuneration Elements. All the three banks use the technique of balanced scorecard to measure the performance of the executive directors. Based on the whole discussion, it can be said that among these three banks, Commonwealth bank is the most efficient as the company has performed well in the year of 2016. Hence, it can be said that the remuneration strategy of the executive directors is effective. 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